Revista Master - Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão

A transição da metodologia tradicional no ensino médio para as metodologias ativas no ensino superior de Medicina

2025-01-15T11:01:29-03:00

This study aimed to assess students' perceptions of the transition from traditional teaching-learning methodologies in high school to active teaching-learning methodologies in medical school, as well as to identify the primary differences between these methodologies. A qualitative field research was conducted, involving the administration of semi-structured interviews with students from the second, third, and fourth semesters of the medical graduation program at Centro Universitário IMEPAC de Araguari. The analysis of the results revealed that the interviewees acknowledged the differences between the methodologies and, furthermore, highlighted three principal challenges in the transition: time management, difficulties in research, and the need to study before class. In contrast, the interviewed students suggested possible improvements for the graduate school's welcoming actions during the process of transition, primarily the alignment and training for faculty. They noted significant improvements in study efficiency, routine organization, and research skills. It was also observed that they had positive changes towards their perception about active teaching-learning methodology since the beginning of the course, with significant improvements in studying efficiency, organization of their routine, and research skills.

Comparative analysis between conventional and sustainable construction of social housing

2025-01-15T11:01:18-03:00

This research compared a conventional construction project using the most commonly used building materials with a
sustainable project that had benefits for the environment, analyzing the financial impacts and the benefits for
sustainability. A sustainable project was chosen within an established timeframe, which resulted in a reduction in total
costs, despite the significant initial investment in construction. Budgets were drawn up for both forms of execution,
assessing the environmental impacts of the materials used. Through this research, we have gained a broader
understanding of the different aspects related to sustainable construction and how they can impact both financially
and in environmental and social terms. These results will contribute to informed and conscious decision-making in the
construction industry, steering it towards more sustainable and responsible practices.

Deaths due to Cystic Fibrosis, in Brazil, in children under 1 year of age from 2012 to 2021: a demographic analysis

2025-01-15T11:01:32-03:00

Introduction: In Brazil, the number of people living with cystic fibrosis stands out, making it important to analyze the
epidemiology of the disease. Objectives: To describe the occurrence of deaths from cystic fibrosis (CF) in children
under 1 year of age between 2012 and 2021. Method: Descriptive study, based on secondary data from the Mortality
Information System, made available by the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS).

Analysis of Acquired Syphilis cases in the municipality of Araguari-MG between 2018 and 2023

2025-01-15T11:01:23-03:00

INTRODUCTION: Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the spirochete bacterium Treponema pallidum that is compulsorily notifiable in Brazil. Every year, there are an estimated 357 million new cases of STIs, one of which is syphilis. It is assumed that 11 million new cases of syphilis occur in adults aged 15 to 49 worldwide. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to analyze the epidemiological profile of acquired syphilis in the city of Araguari-MG between 2018 and 2023. METHODOLOGY: This is a cross-sectional analytical observational epidemiological study, using a quantitative approach based on secondary data in the public domain. For the research, data were collected from individuals with an established diagnosis and registered by the DATASUS electronic platform, in the period from 2018 to 2023 notified in the municipality of Araguari-MG. The variables selected involved sociodemographic aspects, including gender, age group, schooling and clinical aspects such as treatment outcomes in the period studied and disease progression. RESULTS: There were 682 confirmed cases, the majority of which were male (58.0% of cases). In addition, there was a predominance of the 20-39 age group when considering both sexes (55.42% of cases), followed by the 40-59 age group (26.53% of cases). CONCLUSION: This study revealed the epidemiological profile of acquired syphilis in Araguari-MG between 2018 and 2023, indicating the need for targets and intensification of strategies to prevent the disease and promote comprehensive healthcare.

Análise antibacteriana de extratos vegetais frente à Escherichia coli

2025-01-15T11:01:11-03:00

INTRODUCTION: Professionals use plants with medicinal properties to treat, cure and prevent important diseases. Plants such as hibiscus, rosemary, parsley and garlic are alternatives in the fight against urinary tract infections, especially those caused by Escherichia coli. OBJECTIVE: To determine the antibacterial potential of plant extracts against Escherichia coli bacteria for the treatment of urinary tract infections. METHODOLOGY: Through the infusion of dry plant materials in an aqueous medium, the active plant extract was obtained to analyze it’s antibacterial potential, while for garlic it was necessary to squeeze and crush it to obtain the active extract. Standardized strains of Escherichia coli ATCC 8739 were used, which were diluted in Nutrient Broth medium until turbidity was 0.5 on the McFarland scale (1.5 x 108 Colony Forming Units - CFU/mL) and inoculated in Petri dishes containing Müeller Hinton Agar using the Spread-Plate technique. The entire process was performed in duplicate, where the extracts were submitted to the plates using the disk technique with 15 µL of the solutions, in which a blank disk was used as a negative control and, as a positive control, commercial disks containing 50 µg of Meropenem. RESULTS: The extracts of hibiscus, parsley and rosemary did not inhibit bacterial growth satisfactorily. Garlic, however, presented better results than the positive control with Meropenem. CONCLUSIONS: Garlic proved to be effective in inhibiting the growth of Escherichia coli, while other plants require further studies to evaluate the factors that resulted in unsatisfactory values

Worsening of migraine symptoms in students using contraceptive methods at the educational institution IMEPAC - ARAGUARI

2025-01-15T11:01:30-03:00

Migraine is a neurovascular disease characterized by symptoms of intense unilateral headache with phonophobia and photophobia affecting around 15.8% of people in Brazil, the majority of whom are women. The use of combined oral contraceptives may increase the risk of stroke and may increase the risk of migraine attacks. As a hypothesis, the use of combined oral contraceptive methods worsens migraine symptoms with greater frequency and intensity when compared to people who use other contraceptive methods or do not use them. In the results and discussion we can see that the use of COC does not have a strong relationship with the onset of headache, but that its symptoms can be worsened with the use of COC, perceiving a correlation between the data, especially in the young population, which demonstrates a high rate of mental health disorders together, but it is worth highlighting that the data did not find statistical validity. It can be concluded the importance of future research on the topic to expand data on the general population and the importance of treatment and use of contraceptives according to the individuality of each patient.

Risco de exposição a infecções sexualmente transmissíveis em universitários da área da saúde de um centro universitário de Minas Gerais

2025-01-15T11:01:21-03:00

Objetivo: Caracterizar e analisar o risco de exposição a infecções sexualmente transmissíveis (ISTs) entre universitários da área da saúde de um centro universitário em Minas Gerais. Métodos: Estudo quantitativo e transversal realizado entre agosto de 2023 e fevereiro de 2024 com 120 discentes dos cursos noturnos da área da saúde em um centro universitário de Araguari/MG. A coleta de dados foi feita por meio de questionário estruturado aplicado via Google Forms, abordando dados pessoais, exposição ao risco e conhecimento sobre ISTs. Os dados foram analisados utilizando estatística descritiva. Resultados: A amostra foi composta predominantemente por pessoas do sexo feminino, com idade entre 20 e 25 anos, solteiras e com renda per capita inferior a três salários-mínimos. A prevalência de relações sexuais sem preservativo foi alta, e 50% dos participantes relataram já ter se colocado em risco de contrair ISTs. Além disso, a maioria dos estudantes nunca realizou exame sorológico, embora expressassem intenção de fazê-lo futuramente. Conclusão: Os universitários apresentam risco de exposição a ISTs, sugerindo a necessidade de intervenções educativas sobre o tema no ambiente estudado.

Estudo do descarte residencial de medicamentos vencidos e em desuso em uma Instituição de Ensino Superior no município de Araguari/ MG

2025-01-15T11:01:34-03:00

Introdução: Nas residências, muitos dos medicamentos não são consumidos por completo, gerando sobras que acabam sendo descartadas no lixo domiciliar, ou no esgoto, ou são armazenados para um possível consumo posterior. Ainda que os colaboradores da atenção primária à saúde tenham demonstrado interesse com o tema, pouco tem sido feito sobre o descarte correto de medicamentos. Objetivo: Instruir e orientar os alunos e colaboradores do Centro Universitário IMEPAC Araguari-MG a respeito do descarte correto de medicamentos. Metodologia: Foi implementado um ponto de coleta no pátio da Instituição para o descarte dos medicamentos e orientação as pessoas com divulgações a respeito deles. Resultados: O posto de coleta obteve uma quantidade significativa de medicamentos que poderiam estar em contato com a natureza ou sendo consumido indevidamente por outros. A maioria do que foi coletado estava fora da data de validade apresentando um risco potencial a desavisados. Esses estudos catalogou as diferentes formas farmacêuticas e verificou que a maioria dos medicamentos eram sólidos e posteriormente foram descartados corretamente. Conclusões: Assim, fica claro, que a população desconhece a necessidade de descartar o lixo farmacêutico de maneira adequada, além disso, os envolvidos nesse estudo, não possuem a consciência de que parte dessas substâncias descartadas indevidamente podem atingir lençóis freáticos, cursos de águas e contaminar fauna e flora local. E que há uma demanda de medicamentos a ser coletado. Baseado nisso é fundamental que haja uma interferência de órgãos públicos que fiscalizem com mais rigor o descarte de medicamentos.

Influência das práticas de manejo e adubação biológica na atividade microbiana do solo

2025-01-15T11:01:25-03:00

There are several attributes of the soil microbiota that are good indicators of changes caused by agricultural management practices. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of soil management systems in areas with and without the use of Microgeo biological fertilizer on some biological soil attributes, using different soil quality indicators. The samples were collected in the 0-20 cm layer in the municipalities of Monte Carmelo-MG and Ipameri-GO and were analyzed in the laboratory using a completely randomized design with 8 treatments and 3 replications. The soil's chemical, physical and biological attributes were evaluated. The biological analyses carried out in the conventional planting, coffee, no-till and integrated crop-livestock-forest systems, with and without the use of Microgeo biological fertilizer, were: microbial biomass carbon, basal soil respiration, metabolic and microbial quotient, as well as enzymatic evaluation of β-glucosidase and arylsulfatase. A more significant difference was observed between the no-till and integrated crop-livestock-forest management systems. The microbiological attributes evaluated showed changes and a direct influence on the soil as a result of the management adopted, by reducing the respiration rate, increasing the microbial biomass, which proved to be more efficient, and by the results of the metabolic quotient and enzymes. Thus, the joint use of more conservationist management practices, combined with biological fertilization with Microgeo, has managed to improve soil quality in both coffee and conventional planting areas.

Portugues

2025-01-15T11:01:36-03:00

Introduction: Spirituality is related to health promotion and interventions, may be present in the lives of
individuals, causing importante meaning. Objective: to understand the importance of Spirituality in medical
practice, quality of life ando n the treatment of diseases. Methods: a literary review of 26 articles was performed.
Results: many studies show that over the years Spirituality and Medicine have become closer. It´s evident that,
currently, this subject has been discussed and applied in the medical anamnesis and in proposals for
complementary interventiobs to the treatments, revealing a positive effect for the patient. Conclusions: because
spirituality is related to the clinical improvement of patients, it´s relevant to recognize this aspect in medica
practice.
Keywords: Spirituality; Religiosity; Treatment of diseases; Medicine; Quality of Life.

Riscos e efeitos adversos do uso de descongestionantes nasais

2025-01-15T11:01:13-03:00

Introdução: A congestão nasal é comumente tratada com descongestionantes nasais no Brasil, frequentemente usada sem prescrição médica. Recomendações alertam para limitar o uso a sete dias devido a efeitos colaterais, dependência e risco de piora após uma interrupção. Objetivo: Verificar os riscos e potenciais efeitos adversos relacionados ao uso de descongestionantes nasais em indivíduos de diferentes faixas etárias. Metodologia: O material analisado incluiu artigos publicados entre 2015 e 2023 em periódicos nacionais e internacionais, obtidos das bases de dados SciELO, PUBMed, e LATINDEX. Inicialmente, 236 publicações foram encontradas, das quais 131 foram excluídas com base em critérios de inclusão. Após a leitura de títulos e resumos, 98 artigos foram descartados por não atenderem aos critérios estabelecidos, resultando em uma amostra final de 7 artigos. Resultados: O uso excessivo e contínuo de descongestionantes nasais pode resultar na dependência desse fármaco, além disso, pode causar efeitos colaterais. No contexto brasileiro, a automedicação com descongestionantes nasais é comum devido à disponibilidade sem prescrição, ao baixo custo, ao rápido alívio sintomático e à falta de informação sobre os riscos. As substâncias vasoconstritoras mais comuns são o cloridrato de nafazolina, efedrina e pseudoefedrina, as quais, apesar de eficazes, podem apresentar malefícios. Conclusão: Conclui-se que a facilidade de adquirir descongestionantes nasais facilita a automedicação, resultando em efeitos adversos como dor de cabeça, insônia, irritação nasal, tremores e taquicardia.

O caminho para o crescimento saudável: relato de caso

2025-01-15T11:01:27-03:00

Evaluating weight and height growth is essential for early detection of diseases that can affect
children's health. This case is unique due to the absence of the patient’s genetic history due to adoption
and the limitations of the Brazilian public health system for investigation, reinforcing the need for
vigilance and adequate resources to manage short stature and low growth velocity in children without
a clear genetic history. NHD, 12 years old, accompanied by her mother who complained of short
stature. The patient was healthy, with normal neurological and school development, but had a height
below the normal curve (Z-score between -2 and -3), with normal physical examination and laboratory tests; however, wrist and hand radiography and karyotyping were not performed due to SUS
limitations. The main diagnostic hypothesis was short stature associated with low growth velocity,
with additional tests requested and a referral to an endocrinologist. The patient had an annual growth
velocity of 4.5 cm, below the 3rd percentile, justifying the referral to a specialist. Early identification
and proper management of short stature are crucial, especially in adopted children without a genetic
history, emphasizing the importance of a comprehensive diagnosis and the need for better efficiency
in the public health system to provide necessary care. Growth hormone (GH) prescription may be
essential after diagnostic confirmation, with careful follow-up until the end of the pubertal period.

Case report: dog, mixed-breed, 12 years old, with chronic mitral and tricuspid valve disease with cardiac remodeling, moderate mitral valve insufficiency and mild tricuspid valve insufficiency.

2025-01-15T11:01:17-03:00

Pepi, canine, 12 years old, mixed-breed, weighing 8.5 kg, was taken to the clinic with complaints of excessive coughing resembling choking and the animal was panting more than normal. The presence of the chronic mitral and tricuspid valve with cardiac remodeling, moderate mitral valve insufficiency and mild tricuspid valve insufficiency was detected via radiography and Doppler echocardiography . The animal was treated with Fortekor 5mg (1/2 tablet) SID ANR, together with ograx 500 mg SID ANR, and furosemide 20 mg BID ANR. Unfortunately, the animal died.